Demographic dividend in Africa: prospects, opportunities and challenges

Ntogwa Ng'habi Bundala, Tanzania Police Force

The study aims to examine the demographic dividend in Africa, prospects, opportunities and challenges. The study use the panel data from 1960-2015 mainly extracted from International Monetary Funds (IMF), United Nations (UN), and World Bank from 45 African countries. The descriptive research design and multivariate regression model is used to analyse the data at 5% level of significance, with the aid of Minitab 17 Software. The study uses GDP per capita as the dependent variable, and explanatory variables are mortality rate, fertility rate, and life expectancy, population decaying intensity (PDI), and population growth rate. The study expects to find out the empirical social and economic threats of demographic dividend by 2030 in Africa, the implication threats of the health care policies implementation in demographic status and population aging in Africa, Population Economic Gearing effects (PEGE) and health care Economic gearing Effects (PEGE), workforce and economic threats and opportunities in Africa